K9 Domestication and breeding

Most of people take their dogs as their family member.K9 are regarded as the best friends as well as the protectors of the human and are rewarded for their loyalty.Although,many people do not understand the human-dog relationship,that is being continued from years.Behind dog behavior,many scientific explanations were published in owner-friendly form by Desmond Morris in "Dog watching"(Crown,1987).

Nowadays,many dog owners start developing a natural,healthy and beneficial curiosity about dog behavior because of popularised dog psychology resulting to understand that there are some causes behind these behaviors.

Humans and dogs have lived together for many years with mutual benefits of togetherness.The relationship has always been mutually beneficial,such as :human serve food,shelter and routine for dogs while,in return,dogs let the people feel secure by providing warning,protection and physical assistance.This specific relationship is quite unique than any other human relationship,although many other animals are domesticated.It requires the understanding of the history of how it all began.

Important terms to be remembered after a pup is taken home

• Name him\her as desired,so that it will be easy for behavior with him\her and to train
• His\her shelter should always be clean and clear
• Give him\her a proper balanced diet with lots of love and care
• Clean drinking water should be available every time
• Along with a proper diet,s\he should be taken for exercise
• Groom and wipe hair with wet towel everyday and if necessary,bathe him\her once a month
• And,most of all,s\he is worthless without an obedience training which is started from the age of three month
• While treating(training),never use long words.Instead,use short words like:come,go,sit,lie,etc..
• Also,never treat him\her as a pet but treat him\her as a part of a family
• When a work is done,never forget to praise whereas,say "Don't" by glaring at his\her eyes.But never beat
• Never let them do as they like but let them do as you like
• Whenever your work is done,well done or his\her favorite food or plaything can also be given
• Make a proper schedule of feeding,training,exercise,toilet
• And don't risk the life of your pet by ignoring vaccination,deworming and treatment

How to be safe from dog-communicable diseases

• Clean the dog shelter with disinfectant regularly
• Never feed raw flesh
• After a contact with dog,don't forget to wash hands with soap or antisceptic
• Keep away the infected dog away from other
• A dog should never be kissed
• Never let your dog lick your face or hands
• Their food-dish should always be clean
• Every dog should have their own dish
• Don't let your child play with an infected dog
• Never walk on bare feet through their defecating way
• Always use gloves and face mask while treating the infected dogs
• Deworm your dogs from time to time
• Vaccinate against rabies and leptospirosis annually

Some major diseases on dogs

1. Canine Distemper: An air-borne disease which is seen only on dogs is a very dangerous disease.It is mostly seen on the dogs which are less than one year.After this disease is caused,first of all, a dog stops eating and fever is high.Watery nose,difficult in respiration,thickening of skin in lower feet,outlet of saliva time to time and sudden faint are some symptoms of this disease.Once this disease is caused,it's impossible to cure because of a viral disease.So,to prevent from it,a dog should be vaccinated after a dog has reached the age of 8 week and a booster vaccination after 12 weeks.And then,it should be repeated annually.
2. Parvo Enteritis: Although,this disease is caused to all dog-kind,it is specially seen on the dogs below 6 months.After this disease is caused,firstly,a dog stops food,vomits and then,bloody water flows from the stool.The dog becomes very weak in some days.Eye balls get inside and hind-legs become weak.The preventive method of this disease is to vaccinate a pup at the age of 6-8weeks and then,booster vaccination in 10-12weeks, which is to be repeated yearly.
3. Leptospirosis: It is a bacterial disease which is spread by the medium of stool and urine of a dog or cat.Excessive fever,loss of appetite,vomiting and time to time dark yellowish urination are the main symptoms.Stomach-ache is felt and it affects on the kidney.The cure of this disease depends on how much the kidneys and digestion system are affected.As the treatment,antibiotic and Fluid Therapy are given.
4. Rabies: This disease is a very dangerous disease because it has no cure and also can be transferred to human and all other warm-blooded animals.It is caused by mad animal-bite.It's symptoms are seen by 4 ways:

• Prodromal State: Change in animal behavior.Some dogs keep hiding at corners and eat soil.Also,some try to bite human and other animals.
• Dumb State: Paralysis on hind-limbs.A dog can't be able to shut it's mouth and saliva keeps flowing out.It's voice can be changed.It can start barking unreasonably and dies within 4-5 days.
• Furious State: At this stage,the dog becomes very alert and can bite anyone at anytime.Becomes very aggressive.At first day,it can eat and saliva flows out.But, it can stop on second day.Keeps running here and there, which may hurt itself.Keeps urinating time to time.
• Mongrel State: At this stage,it stops eating,becomes weak and paralysed resulting the death.

Some symptoms of a healthy pup

• Eyes should be clean and bright without swollen and teary
• There shouldn't be any defect or scar on the body
• Body temperature should be normal
• A foul smell or liquid shouldn't be coming out of ears,eyes,mouth and nose
• No wound should be seen in the mouth
• The tip of a nose should always be wet
• A less body-weight is not preferred
• Whether the body and legs are bent or not, should also be noticed
• A healthy pup has a good appetite
• And his\her behavior is so alert and fit

Characteristics of some popular breeds

BREED CHARACTERISTICS
Alsatian: Male 61-66 cm. in height. Female 56-61 cm. in height. Any color.Most populat dog. It is very intelligent, obedient and disciplined dog, used as watch dog or police dog. It belongs to German Shepherd breed.

Afghan hound: Male 69 cm. in height and female 58 cm. Any color. It is a hairy dog. It likes to live aloof. It takes long time to mature.Develops very slowly. Requires more attention in washing and grooming.

Beagle: Height is about 33-40 cm. It may be of single color or two combined color. Black, tan, lemon are the common color. An ideal companioon pet. Very easy to maintain.

Boxer: Height: male 56- 61 cm. and female 53-58 cm. White muzzle with brown and white patches are the common color.Very active and reacts very strongly. It is not ideal as a household dog. It is faithful and may give company while in outdoor.

Cocker Spaniel : Height: male 39-40 cm. and female 38-39 cm. Black, brown, tan and roan color. It is docile dog. It is a problematic dog because of its long hair. One has to devote more time in cleaning, grooming and personal hygiene. It is very much prone to fleas, ticks, mites. Its floppy ears become infected very easily and is subjected to trauma leading to haematoma. It may have prolapsed lower eyelid which in most cases suffer from conjunctivitis in old ages.

Dachshund : Very dwarf in height. Any color except white. It may be long haired, smooth haired or white haired. Standard size weighs 11-12.5 kg. and miniature is not over 5 kg. in weght. Very good temperament. Very popular pet. It is very much affectionate dog. As its abdomen is very closed to the ground, abdominal coat is susceptible to infection and allergic sensitization through grasses.

Doberman : Male 69 cm. in height and female 65 cm. in height. It may be of black, brown or black and brown patches. It is very disciplined, intelligent dog. It is employed as detective dog in police dog pound. It is a good watch dog.

Golden retreiver : Mlae 56-60 cm. in height and female 51-56 cm. in height. Golden or creamy in color. It is a gentle, calm and quiet dog. It can be employed to watch any material. It is a fun loving animal.

Labrador : Mlae 56-70 cm. and female 56-60 cm. in height. It may be black or golden in color. It is an intelligent, dependable, loyal hardworking animal. It is an affectinate pet dog. It loves human company vey much.

Poodle : It is a toy dog with height of 28-38 cm. It is a very popular and intelligent dog. Color is mostly white, black, cream or chocolate. It is mostly kept as a household dog because of its size and color. Children and the ladies enjoy its company very much. It can be trained very quickly and it loves human company.

Lhasa Apso : It is a miniature dog with any color and marking. Long haired almost touching to the ground. It may get problem due to long hair. Best friend to the housewife. It requires lots of grooming to keep the hair bright and to avoid ectoparasitic problem.

Pomeranian : It is a small sized dog with any color.It has pricky erect ears. Children and the ladies love its company very much. It can be trained very quickly and it loves human company very much.

Species of dog

Some popular species of dog

HOUND GROUP

• Afghan hound
• Beagle
• Blood hound
• Dachshund(Long-haired)
• Dachshund(MIniature long-haired)
• Dachshund(Smooth haired)
• Deer Hound
• Fox hound
• Grey hound, etc..

GUNDOG GROUP

• Retiever(Golden)
• Pointer(German short-haired)
• Labrador
• American cocker spaniel
• Irish water spaniel
• Sussex spaniel, etc...

TERRIER GROUP

• Airedal terrier
• Australian terrier
• Bull terrier
• Fox terrier
• Irish terrier
• Scottish terrier, etc...

UTILITY GROUP

• Boston terrier
• Bull dog
• Chow chow
• Canaan
• Dalmatian
• Japanese akita
• Lhasa apso
• Poodle
• Tibetan spanies

WORKING GROUP

• Alsatian(German Shepherd)
• Belgian Shepherd
• Boxer
• Bull mastiff
• Doberman
• Great Dane
• Rottweiler
• St.Bernard, etc...

TOY GROUP

• Japanese Chin
• Maltese
• Pekingese
• Pomeranian
• Pug, etc...